![]() ![]() These requirements make Java programming more complex than JavaScript programming. Java's class inheritance and strong typing generally require tightly coupled object hierarchies. Java's class-based model means that programs consist exclusively of classes and their methods. Type safety means, for instance, that you can't cast a Java integer into an object reference or access private memory by corrupting Java bytecodes. Java is a class-based programming language designed for fast execution and type safety. Variables, parameters, and function return types are not explicitly typed. You do not have to be concerned with whether methods are public, private, or protected, and you do not have to implement interfaces. You do not have to declare all variables, classes, and methods. JavaScript is a very free-form language compared to Java. Functions can be properties of objects, executing as loosely typed methods. ![]() JavaScript also supports functions without any special declarative requirements. The prototype-based model provides dynamic inheritance that is, what is inherited can vary for individual objects. JavaScript has a prototype-based object model instead of the more common class-based object model. In contrast to Java's compile-time system of classes built by declarations, JavaScript supports a runtime system based on a small number of data types representing numeric, Boolean, and string values. JavaScript follows most Java expression syntax, naming conventions and basic control-flow constructs which was the reason why it was renamed from LiveScript to JavaScript. The JavaScript language resembles Java but does not have Java's static typing and strong type checking. JavaScript and Java are similar in some ways but fundamentally different in some others. For example, server-side extensions allow an application to communicate with a database, provide continuity of information from one invocation to another of the application, or perform file manipulations on a server. Server-side JavaScript extends the core language by supplying objects relevant to running JavaScript on a server.For example, client-side extensions allow an application to place elements on an HTML form and respond to user events such as mouse clicks, form input, and page navigation. Client-side JavaScript extends the core language by supplying objects to control a browser and its Document Object Model (DOM).Core JavaScript can be extended for a variety of purposes by supplementing it with additional objects for example: JavaScript contains a standard library of objects, such as Array, Date, and Math, and a core set of language elements such as operators, control structures, and statements. Inside a host environment, JavaScript can be connected to the objects of its environment to provide programmatic control over them. JavaScript is a cross-platform, object-oriented scripting language. Once you have a firm grasp of the fundamentals, you can use the JavaScript Reference to get more details on individual objects and statements. If you are new to JavaScript, start with the articles in the learning area and the JavaScript Guide. JavaScript Reference provides detailed reference material for JavaScript.JavaScript Guide (this guide) provides an overview about the JavaScript language and its objects.Learning the Web provides information for beginners and introduces basic concepts of programming and the Internet. ![]() The JavaScript documentation on MDN includes the following: ![]() If you are new to programming, try one of the tutorials linked on the main page about JavaScript.
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